Can the Dark Ages Return?

Victor Davis Hanson discusses the potential for another decline in Western civilization by examining historical patterns of societal collapse. He compares current events and trends to past declines, especially the fall of the Roman Empire and the subsequent Dark Ages.

• Historical Context: Western civilization emerged around the 8th century B. C. after overcoming a prolonged Dark Age, marked by chaos. This civilization was built on the principles of government, freedom, and rational thought, further developed by the Roman Republic and Empire.

• Previous Declines: The Western Roman Empire's collapse in the 5th century led to a Dark Age characterized by population decline, loss of knowledge, and fragmentation into tribal chieftains. This period lasted until a resurgence of learning and culture began around the 11th century, ignited by the Renaissance and Enlightenment.

• Indicators of Decline: Today’s concerns mirror historical indicators of societal collapse:

• Complacency: As societies become wealthy and complacent, the foundational values that created success—such as hard work and traditional values—are often neglected or ridiculed.

• Economic Challenges: Current public debt levels are nearing unsustainable limits, and there are growing concerns about national currency devaluation.

• Declining Standards: Issues like falling birth rates and a decline in educational standards are worrying. The abilities to grasp and operate complex technologies are diminishing among the general populace.

• Social Fragmentation: A rise in tribalism, anti-Semitism, and the breakdown of robust national governance signals a reversion to pre-civilizational ties based on race and religion.

• Cultural and Moral Erosion: With ample leisure and wealth, perceptions and behaviors have shifted towards a general crassness, leading to a decline in civility, ethics, and community engagement. Society seems to regress into divisive identities rather than shared national unity.

• Historical Patterns: Although contemporary Americans may not recognize potential decline due to past successes, history suggests self-destructive patterns repeat over time, driven by the same forces of complacency, corruption, and cultural disintegration.

Hanson warns that while self-reflection and reform have historically prompted revivals, today's challenges require substantial unity, honesty, courage, and proactive measures. Without these virtues, Western civilization risks repeating historical failures, potentially leading to another Dark Age. The need for significant societal action and a return to foundational principles is urgent, as complacency could trigger an irreversible decline. 

https://amgreatness.com/2025/12/18/can-the-dark-ages-return/