The concept of "planned obsolescence," arguing that it is a flawed idea often used to criticize capitalism. The author, William L. Anderson, suggests that claims of manufacturers deliberately making products expire are not only economically unsound but also unfairly target innovative businesses.
1. Definition and Background:
• Planned obsolescence is described as a practice where manufacturers intentionally design products to have a limited lifespan, forcing consumers to buy replacements.
• Critics, especially socialists, argue this is a flaw of capitalism.
2. Misinterpretation of Innovation:
• Many advancements in products, like new features in phones and computers, are often misclassified as planned obsolescence. Instead, they are improvements aimed at better consumer experience.
• Companies innovate not just to sell more frequently but to enhance user satisfaction.
3. Case Study: Apple iPhones:
• Apple faced criticism for slowing down older iPhone models, which led to investigations by authorities.
• However, the slowdown was intended to prevent older devices from shutting down unexpectedly, reflecting technical needs rather than a marketing tactic to boost sales.
4. Economic Analysis Against Planned Obsolescence:
• Economists Armen Alchian and William Allen argue that planned obsolescence would harm a company's profitability.
• If products depreciate quickly, new ones would sell for lower prices, making it self-defeating for manufacturers.
5. Comparison of Automotive Durability:
• The article contrasts the reliability of modern cars with those from the 1960s. Cars today often endure longer than 100,000 miles without major issues, contradicting the idea of manufacturers wanting quick turnover.
• Premium brands like Volvo and BMW are recognized for their long-lasting vehicles, with consumers willing to pay more for durability.
6. Technology Price and Quality Trends:
• The article highlights the rapid drop in computer prices and improvements in capabilities over the years, contrasting the expensive and limited technology of the past with today's affordable, high-performing products.
• No one views advancements in technology as planned obsolescence; they see them as beneficial changes.
7. Conclusion and Critique of the Concept:
• The article concludes that planned obsolescence is a misunderstanding of market dynamics and innovation.
• The concept is critiqued as being used by regulators to justify their interference in the market, despite the evidence that products are improving rather than intended for early market exit.
• The author emphasizes the failures of the communist systems, such as those producing the outdated Wartburgs and Trabants, contrasting them with the success of market-driven innovation.
In summary, the assertion of planned obsolescence is challenged throughout the article. The improvements in quality and longevity of modern products serve consumers better, highlighting the benefits of a competitive market rather than proposing planned obsolescence as a valid critique against capitalism.
No comments:
Post a Comment