Here is a list of the major U.S. federal executive departments and their creation dates:

 Here is a list of the major U.S. federal executive departments and their creation dates:

1. Department of State - 1789

   • The Department of State, the oldest executive department, was created by the first Congress under President George Washington to manage foreign affairs.

2. Department of the Treasury - 1789

   • Also created in the same year as the Department of State, the Treasury is responsible for managing federal finances and overseeing the nation's monetary policy.

3. Department of War (later renamed Department of Defense) - 1789 (renamed in 1947)

   • Originally the Department of War, it was established to manage military affairs. It was reorganized into the Department of Defense following World War II.

4. Department of Justice - 1789

   • Created by the Judiciary Act of 1789, this department oversees the legal affairs of the U.S. government and enforces federal law.

5. Department of the Interior - 1849

   • The Department of the Interior was created to manage the nation’s natural resources and administer public lands, including Native American affairs.

6. Department of Agriculture - 1862

   • Established during the Civil War, this department focuses on food production, agriculture, rural development, and nutrition.

7. Department of Commerce - 1903

   • The Commerce Department was created to promote economic growth, trade, and technological advancement.

8. Department of Labor - 1913

   • Formed to protect workers' rights, oversee employment standards, and promote job training and job creation.

9. Department of Defense (renamed from the Department of War) - 1947

   • The Defense Department was reorganized after World War II to oversee all military branches, combining the Department of War and the Department of the Navy.

10. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) - 1953

    • This department was created to oversee public health, social services, and health insurance programs like Medicare and Medicaid.

11. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) - 1965

    • The Department of Housing and Urban Development was created to address urban development, housing policies, and the quality of life in cities.

12. Department of Transportation (DOT) - 1966

    • Established to oversee national transportation policies, including highways, aviation, and public transit.

13. Department of Energy - 1977

    • Created in response to the energy crisis, this department focuses on policies related to energy production, conservation, and nuclear safety.

14. Department of Education - 1979

    • The Department of Education was established to oversee federal education funding, standards, and educational policy.

15. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) - 1989

    • Created to provide services and benefits to military veterans, such as healthcare and pensions.

16. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - 2002

    • This department was established in response to the 9/11 terrorist attacks and is responsible for national security, emergency management, and immigration enforcement.

These departments are part of the President's Cabinet and have specific responsibilities within the U.S. government.

U.S. federal agencies and their creation dates

1. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - 1908

• The FBI was established by Attorney General Charles Bonaparte under President Theodore Roosevelt. It was originally created to investigate federal crimes, such as antitrust violations, and has since evolved into the U.S. government's primary domestic intelligence and law enforcement agency.

2. National Institutes of Health (NIH) - 1930

• NIH was created as the National Institute of Health under the Public Health Service Act. It serves as the U.S. government's primary agency for medical research and public health issues. It was formed by consolidating various medical research organizations, though some of its precursor agencies date back to the late 19th century.

3. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) - 1947

• The CIA was formed in response to the creation of the National Security Act of 1947, following World War II and the growing Cold War tensions. It is primarily responsible for gathering, analyzing, and acting on intelligence information related to national security and foreign affairs.

4. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) - 1934

• Established during the New Deal under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the SEC regulates the securities industry to protect investors, maintain fair markets, and facilitate capital formation.

5. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - 1970

• Created by President Richard Nixon in response to the growing environmental movement, the EPA's mission is to protect human health and the environment by enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress.

6. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - 1906

• The FDA was established with the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act to regulate food and drugs in the U.S., ensuring their safety and effectiveness. It was formalized in its current structure in 1930 under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

7. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) - 1958

• NASA was created in response to the Soviet Union's successful launch of the Sputnik satellite during the Cold War. Its mission is to explore space, conduct scientific research, and develop technology for space exploration.

8. Federal Reserve System (Fed) - 1913

• Established to provide the country with a safer and more flexible monetary system, the Federal Reserve supervises and regulates banks, manages the nation's money supply, and sets monetary policy.

9. U.S. Secret Service - 1865

• Initially established under the Department of the Treasury to investigate counterfeit currency after the Civil War, the Secret Service now also has the critical mission of protecting the President, Vice President, and other high-ranking officials.

10. National Security Agency (NSA) - 1952

• The NSA was created to monitor and collect foreign communications and intelligence data. It also focuses on signals intelligence (SIGINT) and cybersecurity.

11. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) - 1979

• Created by President Jimmy Carter, FEMA was established to coordinate the federal government's response to disasters, both natural and man-made, and assist state and local authorities during emergencies.

12. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) - 1972

• Originally part of the Department of the Treasury, the ATF was established to enforce laws related to alcohol, tobacco, firearms, explosives, and arson. It became part of the Department of Justice in 2003.

These agencies are independent from the executive departments like State, Treasury, or Defense, and often have specialized functions related to national security, law enforcement, public health, and regulatory functions.